Broaching-machine.



H. E. BLANCHARD.

BROACHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED Nov.21. I911.

1,295,957. Patented Mar. 4,1919.

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H. E. BLANCHARD.

BROACHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.2i. Ian.

1 ,295,957. Patented Mar. 4, 1919.

A V 1 1 Q UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HASRY E. BLANCHARD, OF HUDSON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO LAPOIN'IE MACHINE TOOL COMPANY, OF HUDSON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

BROACHING -MAGHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 4, 1919.

To all "whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY E. BLANOHARD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hudson, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Broaching-Machine, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a machine for external broaching, and the principal objects thereof are to provide a construction by which the article to be broached is drawn through a plurality of broaches arranged in alinement and adapted to operate one after the other on the article as it is passed through them, and particularly to provide for pulling the article itself through the stationary broaches so as to avoid all ossibility of chatterin and materially facilitate the operation. nother object of the invention is to provide an efficient arrangement whereby repeated broaching operations can be performed on the same article during its passage through the machine, thus saving a great deal of time and also to provide for performing operations all around the article simultaneously, thus saving time in another way. The invention also involves improve ments in details of construction and relative arrangements of parts as will appear.

Reference is to be had to the accompany ing drawings, in which Figure 1 1s a plan of a machine constructed in accordance with this invention;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary side view on enlarged scale showin some parts in section on a central vertical p ane;

Fig. 3 is a central sectional view of the breach holder and broaches on the line 3-3 of Fig. 4 and on enlarged scale;

Fig. 4 is an end view of the same, and

F i 5 is a side view of a drawing roll showing the character of work that can be performed on this machine.

The machine is shown as mounted on a frame 10 and provided with tight and loose pulleys 11 for operating a driving shaft 12. This shaft has two pinions 13 and 14 adapted to mesh respectively with a gear 15 and a car 16, which latter meshes with a gear 17.

he gear 15 is provided with a clutch hub 18 and the gear 17 with a clutch hub 19. It will be obvious that these two hubs 18 and 19 are rotated in opposite directions and at different speeds. Mounted in alinement with them is a central clutch member 20 which has a nut inside fixed to it for engaging the operating screw 21 and moving it longitudinally. This central clutch member 20 is shown in neutral position in Fig. 2, but it can be moved in either direction along the nut to which it is slidingly keyed so as to move the screw in either direction. This member 20 is operated by a shift rod 22 slidably mounted on the frame and connected by members 23 and 24 with the clutch, the details of which are not shown fully as they do not constitute a part of this invention, and neither does the change gear mechanism.

On one side of the frame is a hand lever 26 adapted by means of a shaft 27 on which it is mounted and an arm 28 to move the shift rod 22 to the right and thus move the clutch member 20 to the left and clutch it to the hub 18 to cause the screw 21 to move to the right with a slow cutting feed. At the end of this screw it is secured to a slide 30 by a key 31 and a nut 32. This slide has a projection 33 moving, of course, with the screw. When the screw has completed its operative motion to the right as far as it is intended to go, the projection 33 engages a dog 34 on the rod 22 and shifts it to the right, which reverses the operation by moving the clutch member 20 to the right so that its conical art clutches into the hub 19 frictionally.

he screw is then operated in the reverse direction at a comparatively rapid speed until the projection 33 strikes a dog 35 adjustably mounted on the rod 22, which brings the clutch member out to neutral position and etc s the machine.

11 the slide 30 are vertical ways 37 located opposite each other in which is mounted a vertically sliding head 38 having an adjusting screw 39 operating in a plate 40 on the top of the slide 30 and adapted to raise or lower the sliding head 38. This sliding head is provided with a center rest 42 screwed into it for supporting one end of the work A which in this case is in the form of a roll for a drawing machine. The vertically sliding head 38 is also provided .with a plate 43 which is connected rods 44 with -a slide 45. This latter s ide is adapted to move on ways 46 constituting part of the frame of the machine, and the slide 30 and plate 43 slide on ways 47 located in stationary position on the machine.

To the slide 45 is fixed a center rest 48 for supporting the opposite end of the Work so that both ends of the work are Supported solely by the two centers and 48 which move positivel together and slide with the screw absolutel y.

Mounted on the frame 10 is a stationary holder 50 which constitutes the broach or tool holder. This has two' opposite circular heads 51 connected by integral members 52 and is also provided with a removable plate 53 at one end having grooves corresponding with the grooves to be formed on the work, and a removable plate 54 at the other end having a passage. for permitting the work to pass through it, and having a registering key 59. The work is performed by a plurality of external broaches 55 all of substantially the same character except that those toward the right are slightly smaller in in ternal diameter than the next ones to the left. They are formed of hardened steel and are provided with internally projecting teeth for utting the grooves a on the drawing roll A or any other work that is to be performed. They are held in position by bolts 56 secured between the two plates 53 and 54, and of course, located in stationary position while they are spaced apart by collars 57 mounted on the rods. Being spaced, the chips have a chance to fall down between them. Thus the whole set of broaches is removable and replaceable as one iece. p The operation of movin the screw back and forth has been descri ed and all that need be repeated is that the machine is automatically stopped with the members 43 and 45 at the extreme left so that the center 42 projects through the left end of the series of broaches. The old work is takenout and the new work placed in position. Then the machine is started by the lever 26, the belt having been shifted on the tight pulley as" will be obvious. This results inpulling the work through the broaches, both ends of the work being held-firmly, accurately guided, and positively moved forward. In this way there is no material chance for vibration or chattering and at the work of numerous tools is performed by a single operation.

A receptacle for oil 60 is shown and means is provided for circulating'the oil, but that is not shown and does not constitute part of this invention.

Although I have illustrated and described only a single form of the invention, I am aware of the fact that modifications can be made therein by any erson skilled in the art without departing rom the scope of the invention as expressed in the claims. Therefore I do not wish to be limited to all the details ofconstructionherein shown and described, but what I do claim is: I

1. In a broaching machine, the combination of a stationary breach holder, a plurality of broaches carried by said holder for pulling the work through the holder and broaches toward said means. V

2. In a broaching machine, the combine.

tion of a stationary broach holder having heads at its ends and spaced integral members connecting them, a plate fittlng in said broach holder at one end, means for supporting andspacing apart a plurality of broaches in alineinent with said plate, a plate at the other end of the series of broaches, and bolts for securing said broaches and plates in position in the holder.

3. In a broaching machine, the combination of a stationary broach holder having heads at its ends and a skeleton frame connecting them, means for supporting a plurality of broaches in said holder and spacing them apart to provide spaces between the broaches and through the frame for the escape of chips, bolts for securing said broaches together, and means for drawing the work throiwh the broaches.

4. In a broacIiing machine, the combination of a stationary broach holder having heads at its ends, two plates fitting in said breach holder, one in each of said heads, and means supported by said plates for carrying a plurality of broaches between them and for securing the plates rigidly together,

one of said plates being keyed to its head to prevent turning.

5. In a breaching machine, the combination of a stationary broach holder, air of plates carried by the ends of said roach holder, and means for rigidly connecting said latesand for supporting a series of broac es between them, one of the heads m;

having means against which the correspond ing plate engages so that thc work can be drawn through the broaches in the direction toward that head withontdisplacing the plate, said plate also having a passage therethrough having a series of grooves corresponding with the cutting surfaces of the broaches.

6. In a broaching machine, the combina" tion of a stationary broach holder having) i means for holding a plurality of external, broaches, two slides on opposite sides of a center broaches topermit the removal of'the work and setting it in position.

7. In a broaching machine, the combinaslides betion of a stationary broach holder having means for supporting and spacing apart a plurality. of roaches in alinement, means for supporting the work and drawing it through the breaches comprising a non-rotatable screw, a nut engaging the screw, means for turning said nut in either direction to move the screw back and forth, means for automatically reversing the nut after the working stroke has been completed, and means for then stopping it to brim the work back to its initial position beyond the breaches and permit it to be removed.

8. In a breaching machine, the combination of stationary breach holder having means for supporting and spacing apart a plurality of breaches in alinement, and means for drawing the work through the breaches comprising a slide. transverse ways across said slide, a head transversely adjustable on said Ways, a center support car ried by said head, a screw non-rotatably fixed to said slide, a nut engaging the screw, and means for turning said nut in either direction to move the screw back and forth.

9. In a broaching machine, the combination of a breach holder having means for supporting a broach, means for supporting the work and drawing it through the breach,

means for automatically reversing the Work after the Working stroke has been completed, and means for then stopping it to brin the work back to its initial position be ou the broach and permit it to be remove 10. In a broaching machine, the combination with a breach holder having a recess therein, of two plates fitting in the ends of said recess, and means for fixing a series of breaches to said plates independently of the holder, whereby they are movable and replaceable as a Whole.

11. In a breaching machine, the combination of means for supporting the Work and a breach, and means itor causing a relative reciprocating motion thereof comprising a nonrotatable screw, a nut engaging the screw, means for turning said nut in either direction to move the screw back and forth, means for automatically reversing the work after the working stroke has been completed, and means for then stopping it to bring the parts back to initial position.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature.

HARRY E. BLANCHARD.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0." 

